References & Further Reading

References

1. S. Buzzi, G. Caire, G. Colavolpe, Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation for LEO Satellite Communications, 2024

   Foundational CommIT contribution. Establishes quantitative case for OTFS at LEO — 40 Mbps rate, 99.99% availability, 8 ms latency.

2. 3GPP, 3GPP TR 38.821: Solutions for NR to support non-terrestrial networks (NTN), 2023

   3GPP NTN specification. Establishes framework for 5G-NR NTN; target for OTFS extension in Rel. 20+.

3. M. Mohammadi, H. Q. Ngo, M. Matthaiou, G. Caire, Cell-Free Massive MIMO with OTFS Modulation, 2023

   Cell-free OTFS foundational paper. Basis for LEO macro-diversity framework.

4. R. Hadani, S. Rakib, M. Tsatsanis, A. Monk, A. J. Goldsmith, A. F. Molisch, R. Calderbank, Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation, 2017

   Original OTFS modulation framework.

5. P. Raviteja, K. T. Phan, Y. Hong, E. Viterbo, Interference Cancellation and Iterative Detection for Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation, 2018

   OTFS detection framework. Referenced for LEO detection algorithms.

6. L. J. Ippolito Jr., Satellite Communications Systems Engineering, Wiley, 3rd ed., 2017

   Classical satellite communications text. Link budget fundamentals.

7. Iridium Communications, Iridium NEXT System Overview, 2019

   Description of Iridium NEXT constellation — 66 polar-orbit satellites. Historical reference.

8. SpaceX, Starlink Specifications and Service Description, 2023

   Technical description of the Starlink constellation (6000+ LEO satellites).

9. 3GPP, 3GPP TS 38.811: Study on New Radio (NR) to support non-terrestrial networks, 2023

   Initial 3GPP NTN technical specification.

10. I. del Portillo, B. G. Cameron, E. F. Crawley, A Technical Comparison of Three Low Earth Orbit Satellite Constellation Systems, 2019

    Technical comparison of Starlink, OneWeb, Kuiper. Reference for constellation sizing.

11. C. Sturm, W. Wiesbeck, Waveform Design and Signal Processing for OFDM Radar and Communications, 2011

    OFDM for satellite applications. Baseline for OTFS comparison.

12. D. N. C. Tse, P. Viswanath, Fundamentals of Wireless Communication, Cambridge University Press, 2005

    Wireless fundamentals cross-reference.

13. W. Yuan, R. Schober, G. Caire, Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) Modulation — Part III: ISAC and Potential Applications, 2024

    Tutorial reference covering OTFS for ISAC and NTN.

14. International Telecommunications Union, ITU-R M.2083: IMT Vision - Framework and Overall Objectives for 2020+, 2023

    IMT (international mobile telecommunications) vision for 6G including NTN integration.

Further Reading

• LEO satellite communications fundamentals

  Ippolito Jr., *Satellite Communications Systems Engineering* (Wiley 2017); Pratt, Bostian, Allnutt, *Satellite Communications* (Wiley 2019)

  Classical satellite communications texts. Background for the chapter's technical material.

• 5G/6G NTN standards

  3GPP TR 38.821, 38.811; ITU-R M.2083; ETSI TS 138.413 (NGAP)

  Current standardization work on NTN integration with 5G/6G.

• Starlink technical details

  del Portillo et al. (Acta Astronautica 2019); Mak, Mautz, Bernhard, *Starlink Architecture* (2023)

  Technical analysis of the leading LEO constellation.

• Low-Earth Orbit constellation design

  Wood, *Design of Satellite Constellations* (Spacecraft & Rockets 2020); Walker, *Circular Orbit Satellite Constellations* (J. BIS 1984)

  Orbital mechanics and constellation design. Essential for understanding coverage optimization.

• OTFS-LEO research frontier

  Buzzi, Caire, Colavolpe (IEEE TWC 2024); Wei et al. (IEEE JSAC 2023); Liu, Caire et al. (IEEE CommMag 2024)

  Cutting-edge research on OTFS at LEO; the CommIT contributions and extensions.

• 6G visions for NTN

  ITU-R M.2083 (IMT vision 2020+); 6G-IA (6G Industry Association); Samsung 6G Vision Whitepaper

  Forward-looking views on 6G NTN architecture. OTFS's role in the long-term vision.