Part 3: Advanced RIS Architectures

Chapter 9: Active RIS

Advanced~200 min

Learning Objectives

  • State the active-RIS system model with per-element amplifier gain and additive noise
  • Derive the optimal power-allocation constraint that distinguishes active from passive RIS
  • Quantify the passive-to-active crossover distance based on path-loss and noise
  • Identify when active RIS wins over passive RIS and how it compares with AF relays
  • Describe the hardware architecture and deployment constraints for active RIS panels

Sections

Prerequisites & Notation
nextSpecial
The Active RIS Signal Model
Active-Passive Joint Optimization
When Does Active Beat Passive?
Active RIS vs. AF Relay
Chapter Summary
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Exercises
References & Further Reading
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Prerequisites

Chapters 5–6: joint beamforming framework and passive optimizationChapter 7: multi-user RISAF relay basics: noise amplification, SNR ceiling (Telecom Ch. 22)Power amplifier models: gain, noise figure, saturationCascaded path loss (Chapter 1)

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